紅瑪瑙

東漢《西京雜記》載：「武帝時，身毒國獻赤瓊卮，光照一室，夜視如初燃炭火。太史令占云：『此炎精之魄，置殿角可禳祝融之災』。」此為「赤瓊」（紅瑪瑙古稱）最早權威記錄。
敦煌遺書P.2682《相玉經》（唐天寶九年）：「赤瓊紋如血絲者，謂之『將軍石』，蕃將佩之戰陣不流矢。」莫高窟第45窟壁畫中吐蕃將領腰佩紅瑪瑙帶銙，與文獻互證。

Miscellaneous Records of the Western Capital (Han Dynasty) notes: "Emperor Wu received a red agate cup from India that glowed like embers at night. Court astrologers declared: 'This fire essence wards off blazes when placed in palace corners.'"
Dunhuang Manuscript P.2682 (750 AD) states: "Red agate with blood-like veins is called 'General's Stone'. Tibetan commanders wear it to avoid arrows." This matches the red agate belt on a general in Mogao Cave 45.